中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
还记得《少林寺》经典画面吗?这位传奇老人走了……******
中新网北京1月17日电(记者 王诗尧)著名武术家、演员于海于1月16日去世,享年81岁。
于海是山东烟台人,1954年,年仅12岁的于海拜七星螳螂拳大师林景山为师,学习正宗的螳螂拳,由此开启了他的武术生涯。
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出演传奇电影《少林寺》
成为李连杰“客师”
1982年,一部名叫《少林寺》的电影,书写了一个“一毛钱一张电影票创下上亿票房”的奇迹。电影开拍之初,导演一改过去选用职业演员的惯例,全部采用了具备武术功底的专业人士,于海也因此被邀请参演了人生中第一个大银幕角色“昙宗大师”。
当时外界对于武术运动员出演电影颇为担心,认为他们并不懂得演戏,又如何能保证电影的质量?但是导演张鑫炎则一直坚持己见,他认为只有武术运动员才能真正表现出少林功夫的精髓。
在此背景下,七星螳螂拳传人于海早早被剧组看中。最终,电影《少林寺》汇集了来自全国各地的24名武术运动员,主演李连杰就是其中一员。
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据悉,李连杰出演这部电影之前,还发生过一个有趣的小插曲。当时17岁的李连杰因为在电影《塞外夺宝》的演员海选中落选,正生着闷气。虽然知道导演张鑫炎正在为《少林寺》挑选演员,但他仍不愿意见,最后还是被运动队叫来面试,促成了这次合作。
电影里于海饰演的昙宗大师与李连杰饰演的小虎,二人是师徒关系。由此外界常把李连杰归为于海的得意门生,他曾解释道:“其实我只是他的客师,他的启蒙老师是原北京武术队的教练吴斌。一个武术运动员会有很多的客师,但是启蒙老师却只有一个。”不过,于海补充说:“我教过李连杰螳螂拳和陈氏太极拳,他是个很刻苦的孩子。”
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“没有影迷,就没影星”
武打演员不受点伤不出色
据《少林寺》副导演、香港知名电影人施扬平透露,电影中每个演员都是武术指导,因此采用了“谁打谁编”的原则。这些具备真刀实枪功夫的演员,集体为观众们呈现了一场场精彩绝伦的武术盛宴。鹰拳、螳螂拳、三节棍、九节鞭等中华武术绝学,在电影里轮番登场,最终使《少林寺》成为难以逾越的经典。
虽然《少林寺》是于海拍摄的第一部电影,但是他依旧拿出全力以赴的武术精神完成拍摄。他说,当初拍摄时间非常紧张,而片中的马戏又很多,他便只用了两个上午的时间练习骑术,便投入拍摄。
![](http://i2.chinanews.com.cn/simg/cmshd/2023/01/17/e068bb8f109a4ee3aa2fb76a6ec0474b.jpg)
影片中有一组于海在路上骑马疾驰的镜头,当时他的马速很快,拐弯时不巧被一棵杨树挡在了前面,正想收缰却已经来不及了,他的身子平飞了出去。出于本能,于海用两条胳膊护住了头部,但手臂却没能幸免:手腕、肘部脱臼,左手撞断。
《少林寺》上映后掀起了观影热潮,于海也跟着人气大涨,此后又接演了《南北少林》《太极宗师》《新少林寺》等影片。
![](http://i2.chinanews.com.cn/simg/cmshd/2023/01/17/9cdc3b3835184accaddac9aba6bc8aaa.gif)
越来越多影迷被于海精湛的武术表演所震撼,对他表达喜爱之情。渐渐地在一些公共场合,于海会遇到热情的影迷想要他签名、合影,即便当时他再累,也会一一满足影迷的要求。他说:“我永远记得,‘没有影迷就没影星,’‘盛名之下,其实难副’这两句话。”
知名度的提升丝毫不影响于海对武打表演的态度,“有时伤病还没好,打上石膏还得打,原地打、站着打。有时候站久了,脚肿得鞋都穿不进去。”他说,“练武术的就是脑袋比较木,自己也跟自己较劲,一定要达到那个程度。其实做武打演员,不受点伤、不受点痛是做不出色的。”
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吴京悼念“老师一路走好”
网友不舍,分享童年回忆
1月17日凌晨,演员吴京发布微博悼念于海:“惊悉于海老师逝世,不胜悲痛。《功夫小子创情关》《太极宗师》《新少林寺》《少林武王》……仿佛还历历在目,于海老师一路走好。”
![](http://i2.chinanews.com.cn/simg/cmshd/2023/01/17/14293152841e45dfa5e7278fdec64a8a.jpg)
于海与吴京曾合作多部影片,他也对这名后辈青睐有加,“我对吴京比较熟悉,这个孩子很刻苦,当年一起拍《太极宗师》的时候,我就很看好他。”
对于于海的离世,许多网友也纷纷发文与其告别。有网友称,自己小时候最崇敬的功夫大师就是于海;也有人表示,他即使不是主角依旧能给人留下深刻的印象,形容于海的作用就好像是顶梁柱,“有他当师傅,主角就会很有底气的感觉”。
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还有一位网友分享了自己的一段儿时回忆,他说,小时候电视台播放《太极宗师》,每晚一集,有一次他家里的电视坏了,便去邻居家里看。当时他看到邻居家的姐姐正拿着日记本记主题曲,直到现在他还能想起当时的歌词“天已幕,月如初”。他表示,一瞬间,这些画面仿佛就在昨天。
“练武之人就该有向强手挑战的勇气。”虽然于海老师已经离我们而去,但是他秉持的武术精神仍将激励着许多人,在人生的道路上勇敢前行。(完)
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